In addition, meta-analyses displayed increased blood expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and macromolecules such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and C reactive protein (CRP) in patients with MDD (Dowlati et al., 2010; Haapakoski et al., 2015). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is major depressive disorder.