IL-17 signaling is required for IFN-γ production and the cytolytic activity of NK cells derived from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed mice, as well as for optimal production of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by NK cells in fungal infection, which plays a non-redundant role in activating neutrophils for fungal control (48). This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and fungal infectious disease.