TNF and pneumonia: However, Toll/IL-1R Domain-Containing Adaptor Protein (TIRAP) plays a critical role during K. pneumoniae-induced pneumonia but not during P. aeruginosa-induced pneumonia due to the attenuation of neutrophil sequestration, and MIP-2, TNF-α, IL-6, and LIX (lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine) production (70).