GPT and systemic lupus erythematosus: Besides, the level of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) that reflecting liver function were in the normal range (7–55 U/L for ALT and 8–48 U/L for AST according to the guidelines from the Mayo Clinic), though AST in SLE patients (17 ± 1.21 U/L) was significantly smaller than healthy controls (22.6 ±1.09 U/L) with a p-value of 0.045 by student's t-test (Figure S1).