In terms of antigen-experienced T-cells, similar frequencies of effector (CD4+CD45RO+CD27− and CD8+CD45RA+CD27−) and memory (CD4+CD45RO+CD27+ or CD8+CD45RO+CD27+) T-cells were observed within the three disease groups suggesting that the size of these compartments is independent of inflammation caused by infections. The gene discussed is CD27; the disease is infection.