The roles of HDAC1-3 and yeast RPD3 have been well investigated in human diseases such as cancer (Spurling et al., 2008; Hayashi et al., 2010; Müller et al., 2013), regulation of histone acetylation in yeast (Rundlett et al., 1996; Kurdistani and Grunstein, 2003; Yang and Seto, 2008), respectively. The gene discussed is HDAC1; the disease is cancer.