Nearly all of the cholesterol and TGs in plasma of Gpihbp1−/− mice are associated with large TRLs 50–135 nm in diameter, leading to plasma TG levels close to 3,000 mg/dL, and both male and female Gpihbp1−/− mice spontaneously develop small atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic root when fed a chow diet (36), phenocopying the spontaneous atherosclerosis in chow-fed Lpl−/− mice (35). This evidence concerns the gene LPL and atherosclerosis.