VDAC1 and Alzheimer disease: 1. Upregulated IP3R3-GRP75-VDAC complex is associated with mitochondrial Ca2+ overload (Kuchay et al., 2017). 2. Mutations in Sig-1R are associated with ALS and neuropathy (Al-Saif et al., 2011; Gregianin et al., 2016). 3. Aβ-induced upregulation of IP3R3 and VDAC are associated with AD (Hedskog et al., 2013).