Altogether, literature data indicates that P2X7 receptor inhibition: (1) ameliorates neuronal damage induced by both neuroimmune response activation and ROS production; (2) modulates α-secretase activity and non-amyloidogenic APP processing, in a non-elucidated manner; and (3) attenuated spatial memory impairment and cognitive deficits in an animal model of AD. Here, P2RX7 is linked to Alzheimer disease.