In conclusion, our study showed the role and mechanism of the TGF-β1/Smad4- Hoxaas3–miR-450b-5p–Runx1 axis for a better understanding of PF, demonstrated Hoxaas3 maybe a new diagnostic biomarker or potential therapeutic target for IPF. The gene discussed is HOXA-AS3; the disease is pemphigus foliaceus.