The prostate cancer (PCa) management was for a long-time preoccupied by quite conservative beliefs which can be shortly summarised as follows: PCa is a life non-threatened disease of organ-specific aetiology (rather than systemic) being characteristic for elderly and, therefore, could be easily detected by PSA screening applied to ageing male population followed by radical prostatectomy as an optimal approach to treat PCa. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and posterior cortical atrophy.