Consistent with these changes in the MNC composition in the subset of trial samples that we had implanted, MNC samples from all TIME (n = 61) and all LateTIME (n = 43) patients that were age matched to the healthy samples (age ≤ 55) contained fewer CD19+, CD31+, CD11B+, CD19+CXCR4+, and CD45brightCXCR4- cells, and more CD133+, CD45+CD133+, CD3+, CXCR4+, CD45brightCXCR4+, and CD34+ cells relative to same healthy controls (Fig 4), indicating an impact on the MNC compartment in the bone marrow after MI. This evidence concerns the gene CXCR4 and myocardial infarction.