For example, Nramp1+/+ mice have more rapid innate responses than isogenic Nramp1-/- mice, with higher levels of interferon γ (IFN-γ) and increased influx of neutrophils during the streptomycin pretreatment model of Salmonella-induced colitis [73] and in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model [74]. Here, SLC11A1 is linked to colitis.