CAV1 and Joubert syndrome: Likewise, other known EV markers (CAV1 and Ywhae) were also noted in the interaction network beside TMEM216. [47, 48] Furthermore, while all five genes directly or indirectly interacted with each other and TMEM216, a gene responsible for Joubert syndrome and Meckel–Gruber syndrome ciliopathy disorders,[3, 4, 5]TMEM216 interacted directly with F11R and PGRMC2 in the network interaction model.