The level of proteins regulating the mitochondrial biogenesis such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1 and 2 (NRF1, NRF2), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (mTFA) was found to be significantly reduced in human AD hippocampus and cellular models overexpressing APP Swedish mutation [6]. The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is Alzheimer disease.