TGFB1 and cancer: For instance, the ethanol extract of Eupolyphaga steleophage exhibits an antitumor effect by regulating the MAPK and KDR signaling pathways [9, 15], Hedyotis diffusa has been demonstrated to have an anticolorectal cancer effect via regulation of the TGFβ and IL-6/STAT 3 signaling pathways [43, 44], and Radix curcumae, which contains diterpenoid C [45], has an antitumor effect by regulating the MAPK signaling pathway.