Quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR (qRT‐PCR) analyses of total RNA isolates generated from directly ex vivo isolated normal lung or lung carcinoma tissues revealed a significant upregulation of HOXB7 and HOXC6, as well as HOXC8 mRNA by tendency expression in the NSCLC tissues (Figure 5A). Here, HOXC8 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.