These results allow us to draw two conclusions: 1) Sumoylation is implicated in control of aging and cataractogenesis; and 2) Ubc9, SENP6, and Pax6 can be used as the molecular signature for senile cataracts, but the di‐sumoylated p46 Pax6 can be used as molecular signature for complicated cataracts. The gene discussed is PAX6; the disease is Age-related cataract.