The correlation pattern of the three cohort CRS patients was different, but serum IL-6 levels were positively correlated with elevated IL-8, IL-10, MCP-1, and PAI-1 levels in all CRS patients, which suggests that a common pathological pathway was responsible for the expression of these cytokines during CRS (Fig. 2 A‒C). This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and congenital rubella syndrome.