Various cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-2, and IL-8, are released during CRS (4, 5). Here, CCL2 is linked to congenital rubella syndrome.