While genetic MRD monitoring using the clone-specific immunoglobulin gene rearrangement is a well-established clinical practice influencing post-remission treatment for the vast majority of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), genetic MRD monitoring in AML has long been limited to patients with specific gene rearrangements or NPM1 mutations, and AML patients with a normal karyotype and no NPM1 mutation were considered non-eligible for genetic MRD testing [22]. The gene discussed is NPM1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.