In addition, combining 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or its analogs with dimethyl fumarate, a nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NFE2L2 or Nrf2) activator and clinically approved agent for multiple sclerosis and psoriasis, induced strong synergistic pro-differentiating effects in HL-60 cells through cooperatively upregulating VDR and Nrf2 [86]. Here, NFE2L2 is linked to multiple sclerosis.