Similarly, in the REDUCE Study, where all men (n = 6729) were biopsied independent of PSA levels and had a negative baseline biopsy, the use of aspirin and/or other NSAIDs was significantly associated with decreased total (OR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.76–0.99, p = 0.03) and high-grade (OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.64–0.99, p = 0.04) prostate cancer risk [171]. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and prostate cancer.