Accordingly, we were unable to detect induction of inflammatory cytokines typically associated with TLR2 activation in the PDAC cell lines following exposure to P. gingivalis (e.g., IL-6 and TNFα), further confirming that the growth-promoting effects of P. gingivalis on pancreatic carcinoma cells are not mediated by TLR2. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and exocrine pancreatic carcinoma.