Several pathophysiologic defects, including the disequilibrium of insulin and glucagon secretory capacities of pancreatic α- and β-cells, hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, reduced incretin secretion in the small intestine, and impaired glucose uptake in the peripheral tissues, cause the progressive hyperglycemia of T2DM [1,2]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.