HSPD1 and mycobacterial infectious disease: Diagnosis of mycobacteriosis in aquatic invertebrates (as in other animal species including humans), has become more accurate due to the development of new detection methods based on new technologies, such as HPLC, as well as amplification of specific gene fragments by PCR assay followed by restriction analysis, as described for the analysis of gene regions such as hsp65 and rRNA [98].