Several ERAP1 genetic variants have been associated with multiple human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I autoinflammatory disorders, including ankylosing spondylitis (AS), BD, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis (MS), and type I diabetes, as well as essential hypertension and susceptibility to infectious disease, such as human papilloma virus (HPV)-induced cancer, HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and HCMV infection [55,56,57]. Here, ERAP1 is linked to cytomegalovirus infection.