Similar to the in vitro findings, before anti-TB treatment, high circulating perforin, granzyme B and granulysin levels in sera of TB and HIV/TB coinfection patients were seen, which increased after treatment, presumably indicating its role of granule exocytosis, except for IFN-γ which decreased after treatment with cure, indicating host defense against Mtb infection. This evidence concerns the gene GNLY and tuberculosis.