Our results clearly demonstrate that Mel-AF (or Mel-AM) induced externalized PS (Annexin V+, PI−) representing early-stage apoptosis; however, upon increasing the concentration of Mel-AF (or Mel-AM), the treated cells tended to reach late apoptosis (Annexin V+, PI+) (Figure 4A,B). This evidence concerns the gene ANXA5 and atrial fibrillation.