The inappropriate regulation of signaling proteins, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (PKB, also known as Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) as well as the altered expression of various pro-inflammatory transcription factors, including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), activating protein-1 (AP-1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) families have been reported in tumor cells [11,12,13,14,15]. Here, JUN is linked to neoplasm.