TNF and bronchiectasis: In 48 patients (mean age 43 years) treated for 14 days with a convalescence visit after 7 days of completing treatment without any follow-up beyond one month, Guan et al. [13] observed that CXCL8 and TNF-α levels increased during bronchiectasis exacerbations and partially recovered during convalescence, but that IL-8 levels did not reduce.