In hepatocytes from rats that developed NASH after HFD, exenatide activated genes involved in hepatic fatty acid β-oxidation and insulin sensitivity such as PPAR-γ expression, protein kinase A activity, serine/threonine protein kinase B/Akt and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, and PPAR-α activity, that were altered by HFD treatment [170] (Figure 2). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.