IGHE and allergic disease: 2009a; Johansson et al. 2011). Lactobacillus strains can induce IL-12 and INF-γ, which results in the suppression of IgE (Shida et al. 1998). Increased bifidobacterial diversity is associated with increased IgA production and protection against allergy (Sjögren et al. 2009b).