Carlo et al.35 demonstrated in 105 patients with metastatic ccRCC who had received systemic therapy, TTF with VEGF-targeted therapy differed significantly by PBRM1 mutation status, where PBRM1 mutants associated with more favorable TTF (p = 0.01, median 12.0 months for PBRM1 mutants versus 6.9 months for wild-type tumors)35. Here, VEGFA is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.