The concentrations of NFL in CSF were significantly higher in the encephalitis patients (median 2671 pg/mL; IQR 1742–5161 pg/mL) compared with the patients with meningitis (510.9 pg/mL; 255.4–688.6 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and Ramsay Hunt syndrome (748 pg/mL; 288.2–1401 pg/mL, p = 0.013), but not compared with the patients with “other neurological symptoms” (616.7 pg/mL; 218.3–13,394 pg/mL, p = 0.632) (Fig. 4). The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is meningitis.