ARHGEF16 and central nervous system cancer: Previous reports from our laboratory have shown that aberrant activation of Gli2, a glioma-associated oncogene and zinc-finger transcription factor for hedgehog signaling, increases the transcript level of ARHGEF16, while ARHGEF16 interacts with cytoskeleton-associated protein 5 (CKAP5) to promote the proliferation and migration of glioma cells13.