Here, we overexpressed SIRT1 in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) to establish the SIRT1-modified hUCMSC line, investigated the therapeutic effects of SIRT1-modified hUCMSCs on peritoneal fibrosis in cells and rodent model, and clarified the probable underlying mechanism. This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and Peritoneal Fibrosis.