We next used a cell line derived from a mouse Vhl∆/∆Trp53∆/∆Rb1∆/∆ ccRCC (termed 2020 cells) (Supplementary Fig. 5d) and introduced human pVHL30 to rescue Vhl function (Supplementary Fig. 5e) as well as knocked down Hif1a with two independent shRNAs (Supplementary Fig. 5f). This evidence concerns the gene VHL and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.