Furthermore, combinations of autophagy inhibitors with RAF/MEK/ERK inhibitors (chloroquine plus vemurafenib, hydroxychloroquine plus trametinib, or chloroquine plus SCH772984) can effectively block the growth of K-ras-mutated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, N-ras-mutated melamona, as well as BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer and melanoma in vivo [248, 253, 254, 280] (Fig. 5). The gene discussed is RAF1; the disease is melanoma.