EGFR and type 2 diabetes mellitus: To determine whether hypoxia and EGFR inhibition could increase cisplatin efficacy, 25 μM of metformin (an AMPK activator used to treat type II diabetes with anti-hypoxic effects), 5 μM gefitinib (an EGFR inhibitor), and 5 μM of cisplatin at clinically relevant concentrations were used in different combinations (designated as CMG).