HF-associated OPN (Fig 7C), markers of vascular injury sE-selectin (Fig 7D), sICAM (Fig 7E), VEGF (Fig 7F), and marker of cardiovascular fibrosis TIMP-1 (Fig 7G) were significantly lower in the serum/plasma of Fc-GDF15–treated vs vehicle-treated obese ZSF1 rats (p < 0.05). Here, SPP1 is linked to hydrops fetalis.