PPARA and Glucose intolerance: This result may be because sucralose was the sweetener that most stimulated the expression of the transcription factor PPARα, which is involved in fatty acid oxidation, ketone body formation, and gluconeogenesis.19 This may explain why the consumption of sucralose considerably increased the formation of ketone bodies and gluconeogenesis, increasing glucose and insulin levels and producing glucose intolerance of the same magnitude as that seen with sucrose.