Interestingly, the group fed sucralose+HFD produced the highest concentration of insulin indicative of severe hyperinsulinemia; it was 43-fold higher than the control group, followed by sucralose and sucrose+HFD at 27- and 28-fold higher, respectively (Figure 5c), whereas those fed honey, even with an HFD, showed a similar insulin concentration to the control group (Figure 5c). Here, INS is linked to hyperinsulinism.