Here, we examined the effect of OLP on oxidative stress mediators (SOD and GPX), SIRT1, and microglia and integrity of myelin in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS, in an attempt to provide further insights into the neuroprotective potential of olive leaf polyphenols. The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.