INS and Hyperglycemia: Recently, we have previously reported that a cacao liquor procyanidin-rich extract (CLPr) derived from Cacao beans (Theobroma cacao) suppressed hyperglycemia accompanied by GLUT4 translocation through the activation of both AMPK and GLP-1-dependent insulin pathways.(17) Moreover, the results from our more recent report demonstrate that an antagonist for GLP-1 receptor Exendin (9-39) cancels CLPr-promoted AMPK phosphorylation.(18) In the same report, we have found that CLPr regulates the circadian clock gene expression through the GLP-1 signaling pathway.