Considering the highly heterogeneous immune responses among the COVID-19 patients,4 we detected differentially expressed immune-related and inflammation-related pathways in every patient compared with HCs in CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and AEBCs, respectively, and further investigated the upregulated canonical pathways shared by multiple COVID-19 patients (Fig. 3c). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is COVID-19.