CTLA4 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: The NEOSTAR trial (NCT03158129), a phase 2 randomized study in stage I-IIIA NSCLC, combined neo-adjuvant ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) with nivolumab versus nivolumab alone, and both arms underwent resection with reported pathological complete response (pCR) rates of 44 and 19% in the ipilimumab-nivolumab (IPI/NIVO) and nivolumab arms, respectively [18].