In parallel, we analyzed the expression of NRF2 target metabolic enzymes, namely transaldolase‐1 (TALDO1) and transketolase (TKT), that sustain the PPP associated with macrophage polarization, as well as phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (PPAT), a rate‐limiting enzyme in purine biosynthesis which has been reported to be increased by NRF2 activity in proliferating cancer cells.11, 22. The gene discussed is PPAT; the disease is cancer.