For example, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and Janus kinase-2 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathways, which are known regulators of angiogenesis, have been implicated in the development of portal hypertension and splenomegaly, and inhibition of these signaling pathways has been shown to reduce splenomegaly (Mejias et al., 2010; Wang et al., 2015; Chen et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2016). The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is portal hypertension.