Inflammasome activation and upregulation of NLRP3 and its inflammasome components, caspase-1 and IL-1β, have been observed in ALS patients and in mouse models of ALS (Bellezza et al., 2018), suggesting that the NLRP3 complex plays key roles in ALS pathology (Meissner et al., 2010). The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.