F2R and Alzheimer disease: Thrombin has been detected in senile plaques and in neurofibrillary tangles characteristic of this disease (Akiyama et al., 1992; Arai et al., 2006) and levels of both thrombin and the thrombin receptor PAR-1 are elevated in AD (Sokolova and Reiser, 2008; Krenzlin et al., 2016).