VEGFA and neoplasm: For example, improvement of tumor perfusion and consequently the efficacy of chemotherapy by stress alleviation and vascular normalization in solid tumors has been shown in vivo using losartan12, tranilast13, dexamethasone14, pirfenidone15, vismodegib16, metformin17, enzymes degrading collagen or hyaluronan15,18,19, and antiangiogenic agents for vascular normalization, such as bevacizumab20, an antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and cediranib21, an inhibitor of VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase.